SEASICK, AIRSICK AND DRUNK OF VEHICLE

Seasick, airsick or drunk of vehicle is a disorder associated with sensitivity of movement. The cause of this condition since acceptance the nerve of sensory are imperfect, and involve the eyes and inner ear cavity or vestibular system ( associated with balance ) that send commands conflicting to the brain. Acceptance the nerve of sensory that not perfectly, happens when recorded by the vestibular system does not same with which seen by eye.

Someone may have drunk if the balance instrument in the labyrinth annoyed after sensing kind of movement, such as up and down, winding, small collision, especially in the vehicle was walking usually begins to feel nauseous. Generally someone who has the innate of drunk, in his digestive tract is less good because of stricture or thick occurs in the pylorus muscle. When the baby if before 24 hours had experienced vomit have innate of drunk until adult. Drunkenness also because of psychological factors, especially in people who labile psyche. Drunkenness also caused changes in weather from hot to cold.

Drugs for seasick, airsick or drunk of vehicle most commonly used antihistamine and dimenhydrinate, with anticholinergic effects and central nervous system depression that causes drowsiness and reduce the power of coordination, so that balance instruments a person that is not disturbed and would not be drunk. This drug should be taken 1-2 hours prior to travel and often closed his eyes or sleep to avoid getting drunk.

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RENAL DISEASE

Renal disease can cause trouble of renal function so that the renal function decline and cause renal failure. Renal failure is often found in serious condition and is a state of emergency that must be received intensive treatment.

Renal disease that affects renal function can be divided into three, namely :

1. Renal disease caused circumstances of prerenal .
Circumstances of prerenal include loss of fluid due to severe diarrhea or vomiting, bleeding and heart failure.

2. Renal disease.
Include diabetes, gout, lupus, infections and renal stones.

3. Renal disease caused circumstances of postrenal
The cause of renal disease in circumstances of postrenal usually due to blockage post renal, such as blockage in the ureter, bladder and urethra.

Renal failure there are two kinds :

1. Acute renal failure.

Decrease of renal function ( heavy enough for more than 50% ) which occurred suddenly in the normal renal function or had decreased.

Clinical symptoms include decreased urine frequency even be nothing at all, and shortness of breath.

2. Chronic renal failure.
Decline in renal function occur slowly, usually monthly or yearly, walked progressive and permanent ( irreversible ).
Clinical symptoms include weakness, fatigue, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, shortness of breath, body swelling, high blood pressure.

Circumstances of renal function can be measured by examination of creatinine. Handling cause of decline in renal function by knowing the illness and treat correctly will prevent the occurrence of renal failure and death.

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HORDEOLUM

Hordeolum is an infectious disease of sebaseos gland in the eyelid that caused by the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus and Morraxella is localized, purulent and inflamed. This disease often occurs in patients who suffer from acne or dermatitis, especially the type of seboroik dermatitis. The symptoms of this disease is the sense of spraging the eyelids, then turned into pain that increases when bowing or suppressed and often appeared at the near by of the eyelash jetty.

There are several types of hordeolum namely :

1. External Hordeolum.
In this type of infection is glands zeis and moll to form lumps that protruding of exit.

2. Internal Hordeolum.
In this type of infection is glands meibom which form lumps protruding into and swelling that rather large.

In the case of hordeolum that recurring precautions must be done by always washing hands after finishing activity. Treatment of hordeolum with small lumps do not require special treatment because they can heal themselves.

In severe cases there are 3 stages of therapy are :

1. Provision of warm water compresses 3 to 4 times a day for 10 - 15 minutes.
2. Providing topical antibiotics for 7 -8 days and if necessary given oral antibiotics.
3. If the inflammation is gone and the lump was still there may be surgery to remove the pus.

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HEMORRHOID

Hemorrhoid is dilation of varikosus venous on plexus hemoroidal inferior or superior. In the hemorrhoid vein dilation occurs in the lower digestive tract and can occur in around exit place of faeces.

The type of hemorrhoid is :

1. External hemorrhoid.
Dilatation of varikosus venous plexus hemoroidal inferior dilation, and located in distal to the linea pectinata and closed by anal skin that is modified.
2. Internal hemorrhoid.
Dilatation of varikosus venous plexus.

3. Hemorrhoid moroidal superior
Arise in the upper of linea pektinata and closed by mucous membranes.

4. Prolapsed hemorrhoid.
Internal hemorrhoid that has descended through the linea pektinata and protruding of exit sphincter anal.

5. Strangulated hemorrhoid.
Internal hemorrhoid that has stood out quite a lot and in time long enough so that the blood supply is blocked by construction activity of sphincter anal.

6. Thrombosed hemorrhoid.
Hemorrhoid containing a blood cloting.
The cause of hemorrhoid, include :

1. Weakness of blood vessels muscle.
2. Flow of blood that slow due to blockage of blood vessels due to intestine tumors or outside the intestines.
3. The habit of defecate is rare ( 2 days or more ).
4. The habit of sitting too long.

The symptoms of hemorrhoid are usually recognized after the exit of fresh red blood which did not clot that is known when patient defecate. Complaints of pain around the anus when sitting too long. Symptoms of early like there's something lump special on the hemorrhoid which occurs in around exit place of faeces.

Prevention of hemorrhoid that is the simplest with avoid sitting too long or not sitting for more than 2 hours, if it works with sitting for too long then alternate with standing. Treatment of hemorrhoid can be given certain drugs in mild cases, and surgery in severe cases that is known as hemorrhoidectomy is the excision hemorrhoid.

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